Dachshund
Other names
Dachshund, Dackel
Origin & history
The Dachshund, also known as the Teckel, is a breed with a rich German history. Its name literally means "badger dog" – a reference to its original purpose: chasing and digging badgers and other game out of their burrows.
The Dachshund's origins date back to the Middle Ages, when hunters used short-legged dogs to work underground. Through targeted breeding, several varieties emerged, each adapted to the type of hunting: badgers, foxes, rabbits, or even wild boar.
In the 19th century, the breed became refined and popular, not only among hunters but also as a companion dog. Today, the Dachshund is beloved worldwide for its intelligent, lively character and distinctive appearance.
Appearance & body shape
The Dachshund is instantly recognizable by its long body and short legs—a build that allowed it to burrow deep into dens while hunting. Despite its size, it is sturdy, muscular, and surprisingly agile.
There are three variants according to coat type:
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Shorthair: smooth, dense and shiny.
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Wire-haired: coarser in texture, with a beard and bushy eyebrows.
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Long-haired: soft and wavy, with longer hair on the ears, chest and tail.
In addition, there are three size classes:
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Standard Dachshund
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Miniature Dachshund
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Rabbit Dachshund (the smallest variety, bred for rabbit hunting)
Colors range from red and black with tan to wild-colored, chocolate, spotted, or tiger.
Format
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Height: 20–27 cm (depending on variety)
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Weight: 4.5–9 kg
Character & temperament
The Dachshund is known for its big personality in a small body. It's intelligent, courageous, and remarkably independent—qualities that served it well on the hunt.
He's playful, alert, and often a bit stubborn. This dog knows exactly what he wants, but is also affectionate and loyal to his family. The Dachshund loves company and has a strong bond with his owner, although he can be somewhat reserved with strangers.
His hunting instinct makes him alert and observant: he is quick to bark if anything unusual happens, making him an excellent watchdog for his size.
With consistent, positive training, the Dachshund learns quickly, although its independent nature requires some patience.
Movement & care
Despite its short legs, the Dachshund is an active dog with a surprising amount of energy. It enjoys walks, tracking, and playing. Because its back can be sensitive, it's important to limit jumping (such as from sofas or stairs), especially with the long-haired and miniature varieties.
Care varies depending on coat type:
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Shorthair: Wiping with a cloth once a week is sufficient.
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Wire-haired: pluck occasionally to remove dead hair.
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Long-haired: brush regularly to prevent tangles.
Health
The Dachshund is generally a strong breed, but its long back makes it prone to back and spinal problems (such as a herniated disc). Maintaining a healthy weight, sufficient exercise, and avoiding jumping are crucial.
Average life expectancy: 12 to 15 years.
Other possible concerns include tartar, excess weight and knee problems in the smaller varieties.
Difference with similar breeds
Compared to other small hunting dogs, such as the Jack Russell Terrier, the Dachshund is less explosive but just as brave. It has a stronger independent spirit and a more distinctive character.
Within the retriever and hunting dog family, he stands out for his specialization in underground hunting—something that makes him unique. His body and behavior are perfectly adapted to this task: intelligent, tenacious, and full of initiative.
Summary
The Dachshund is a smart, courageous, and loyal dog with a unique appearance and a strong character. He combines charm with determination and is both a devoted family dog and an alert watchdog.
Choosing a Dachshund means choosing a lively personality in a small size — a real go-getter with a big heart.